ExperimentEvaporate
ExperimentEvaporate[Samples]⟹Protocol
generates a Protocol that will evaporate solvent and condense the Samples through vacuum pressure or nitrogen blow down at elevated temperatures using requested instruments such as rotovaps, speedvacs, or nitrogen blowers.
Evaporation is the removal or separation of one or more solvents from a solution by vaporization, or the change of matter from the liquid phase to the gas phase. This is a typically an intermediate step to concentrate or dry samples for analysis (e.g. HPLC or GC) or storage. Evaporation may also be used to remove solvents from samples, such as after solid phase extraction. Several types of laboratory evaporators exist, differing in the number of samples evaporated, sample volume handles, and method of evaporation. Common evaporation instruments include rotary evaporators (rotovaps), vacuum centrifuge evaporators, and nitrogen blowdown evaporators. Rotary evaporators consist of a rotating flask containing a sample, a vacuum system to reduce the pressure of the system to facilitate solvent removal, a heated fluid bath, and a condenser with a cooling coil to re-condense and collect the solvent. They are typically used to evaporate for a single, larger-volume sample. Vacuum centrifuge evaporators apply a vacuum to reduce pressure, centrifugal forces, and heat to facilitate solvent removal and are ideal for evaporating a large number of samples. Nitrogen blowdown evaporators apply heat and a stream of nitrogen gas over the surface of the sample to facilitate solvent evaporation and can be used to evaporate a large number of samples, solvents with high boiling points, or samples that are prone to bumping (rapid bubbling or boiling out of the sample vessel, leading to sample loss).
Experimental Principles
Figure 1.1: Step 1: Evaporation parameters including chamber (evaporation) temperature, run time, and ramp rate are programmed into the vacuum centrifuge evaporator. The condenser is chilled. Step 2: Samples are loaded and balanced in the rotor. Step 3: The vacuum pump is turned on to pull a vacuum and the evaporation run is started. Step 4: After the run has finished, the samples are removed from the rotor and stored. The solvent waste is removed and the instrument is shut down.
Figure 1.2: Step 1: The fluid bath temperature is set to the desired evaporation temperature and allowed to reach the appropriate temperature. The sample is placed in an appropriately-sized pear-shaped flask, a bump trap is placed onto the flask, and both are secured onto the rotary evaporator. Step 2: The rotation rate and evaporation time are set and the vacuum is turned on. The condenser chiller is set to the desired temperature. Step 3: The rotating flask is lowered into the bath and the evaporation is allowed to proceed. Vaporized solvent enters the condenser, where it is condensed and collected in the solvent flask. Step 4: When the sample is dry, or at the end of the evaporation run, the motor, vacuum, condenser chiller, and water bath are turned off. Step 5: The flask is raised from the water bath. If appropriate, a solution will be used to resuspend any solid materials that have accumulated in the flask during evaporation. The sample is then stored. Optionally, any sample that has collected on the bump trap may also be collected by rinsing the bump trap. Step 6: The solvent waste is collected (or discarded). The condenser, bump trap, evaporation flask, and solvent waste flask are cleaned.
Figure 1.3: Nitrogen blowdown evaporator. The nitrogen blowdown evaporator uses a combination of heating and convective air flow to facilitate evaporation of solvents. Samples are immersed into a water bath set to the desired evaporation temperature. The manifold nozzles are positioned close to the surface of the samples and a programmable stream of nitrogen is flowed to up to 48 samples. The convective flow of nitrogen facilitates the movement of solvent vapor away from the liquid surface, thereby enhancing evaporation. The nitrogen blowdown evaporator may be used to concentrate a large number of samples containing solvent with high boiling points.
Instrumentation
Savant SPD2030
Figure 2.1.1: The vacuum centrifuge evaporator uses a combination of heating, low chamber pressures, and centrifugation to facilitate separation of the solvent. Samples are loaded into centrifuge buckets and are heated in the centrifuge chamber. A vacuum pulls solvent vapor into a cooled condenser where the solvent vapor is condensed to a liquid state and collected in a waste chamber. The vacuum centrifuge evaporator may be used to separate a large number of samples.
Genevac EZ-2.3 Elite
Figure 2.2.1: The vacuum centrifuge evaporator uses a combination of heating, low chamber pressures, and centrifugation to facilitate separation of the solvent. Samples are loaded into centrifuge buckets and are heated in the centrifuge chamber. A vacuum pulls solvent vapor into a cooled condenser where the solvent vapor is condensed to a liquid state and collected in a waste chamber. The vacuum centrifuge evaporator may be used to separate a large number of samples.
RV10 Auto Prov V
Figure 2.3.1: The sample to be evaporated is placed in a round bottom flask which is partially submerged in a heated bath to increase the temperature of the sample. A bump trap(orange) positioned on the neck of the flask prevents sample loss in case of rapid solvent bubbling. A motor continually rotates the flask to increase the surface area for evaporation and to ensure even heating. A vacuum pulls the solvent vapor into a cooled condenser which condenses the vapor back into the liquid state where it is collected in another flask. The rotary evaporator is typically used to evaporate a single liter-scale sample containing low boiling point solvents.
VWR 099A EV9612S
Figure 2.4.1: The evaporator uses a combination of heating and convective air flow to facilitate evaporation of solvents. Samples are immersed into heated beads set to the desired evaporation temperature. The manifold nozzles are positioned close to the surface of the samples and a programmable stream of nitrogen is flowed to the plate. The convective flow of nitrogen facilitates the movement of solvent vapor away from the liquid surface, thereby enhancing evaporation. The nitrogen blowdown evaporator may be used to concentrate a large number of samples in a plate containing solvent with high boiling points.
TurboVap LV Evaporator
Figure 2.5.1: The nitrogen blowdown evaporator uses a combination of heating and convective air flow to facilitate evaporation of solvents. Samples are immersed into a water bath set to the desired evaporation temperature. The manifold nozzles are positioned close to the surface of the samples and a programmable stream of nitrogen is flowed to up to 48 samples. The convective flow of nitrogen facilitates the movement of solvent vapor away from the liquid surface, thereby enhancing evaporation. The nitrogen blowdown evaporator may be used to concentrate a large number of samples containing solvent with high boiling points.
Experiment Options
Method
EvaporationType
The method of inducing solvent evaporation and sample concentration. Potential types include rotary evaporation, speedvac, and nitrogen blowdown.
General
Instrument
The instrument used to perform the vacuum evaporation, rotary evaporation, or nitrogen blow down evaporation.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Instrument, VacuumCentrifuge], Model[Instrument, RotaryEvaporator], Model[Instrument, Evaporator], Object[Instrument, VacuumCentrifuge], Object[Instrument, RotaryEvaporator], or Object[Instrument, Evaporator]
Programmatic Pattern: ObjectP[{Model[Instrument, VacuumCentrifuge], Model[Instrument, RotaryEvaporator], Model[Instrument, Evaporator], Object[Instrument, VacuumCentrifuge], Object[Instrument, RotaryEvaporator], Object[Instrument, Evaporator]}] | Automatic
Evaporation
EvaporationTemperature
The temperature of the sample chamber of a speedvac or the heatbath of a rotovap or nitrogen blower during evaporation.
Pattern Description: Ambient or greater than or equal to 22 degrees Celsius and less than or equal to 90 degrees Celsius.
SolventBoilingPoints
Indicates the the boiling points of the solvent(s) in the samples at atmospheric pressure. The boiling points may be specified a temperature or as a symbol. Low indicates boiling point less than 50 Celsius, Medium indicates boiling point between 50 Celsius and 90 Celsius, and High indicates boiling point greater than 90 Celsius. This information is used to determine the VacuumEvaporationMethod for the VacuumEvaporation instrument and EvaporationPressure for the RotaryEvaporation instrument and for estimating the EvaporationTemperature for the NitrogenBlowDown instruments if no value is specified.
Default Calculation: If no options are provided, the solvents present in the sample will be used to estimate a boiling point. If boiling point cannot be determined, will default to {Medium,High}.
Pattern Description: Greater than 0 kelvins or Low, Medium, or High or list of one or more greater than 0 kelvins or Low, Medium, or High entries.
Programmatic Pattern: ({(GreaterP[0*Kelvin] | SolventBoilingPointP)..} | (GreaterP[0*Kelvin] | SolventBoilingPointP)) | Automatic
EvaporationTime
The amount of time, after target temperature and pressure equilibration is achieved, that the sample(s) undergo evaporation and concentration during evaporation.
Default Calculation: If no options are provided, the sample volume will be used to determine an estimated evaporation time.
EvaporateUntilDry
If the sample is not fully evaporated after the EvaporationTime has completed, indicates if the evaporation is repeated with the same settings until the MaxEvaporationTime is reached.
MaxEvaporationTime
If the sample is not fully evaporated after the EvaporationTime has completed, maximum duration of time for which the evaporation is repeated in cycles of the EvaporationTime, using the same settings until either the sample is fully evaporated or the MaxEvoprationTime is reached.
Default Calculation: If EvaporateUntilDry is set to True, automatically set to three times the EvporationTime, up to a maximum of 72 Hours.
EquilibrationTime
The amount of time the samples will be incubated in the instrument at the EvaportionTemperature specified.
Default Calculation: If a VacuumEvaporationMethod is specified, it will pull EquilibrationTime from that. Otherwise it will default to 5 Minute.
Pattern Description: Greater than or equal to 0 minutes and less than or equal to 10 minutes or Null.
SpeedVac and RotaryEvaporation
EvaporationPressure
Default Calculation: Will use the PressureRampTime provided from the resolved VacuumEvaporationMethod object.
Pattern Description: Greater than or equal to 20 millibars and less than or equal to 1030 millibars or MaxVacuum or Null.
PressureRampTime
The amount of time the instrument will use to gradually evacuate the chamber until EvaporationPressure is achieved before evaporation.
Default Calculation: Will use the PressureRampTime provided from the resolved VacuumEvaporationMethod object or the sample's volume, Pressure, and EvaporationTemperature to determine a PressureRampTime.
RotaryEvaporation and NitrogenBlowdown
BathFluid
RotaryEvaporation
RotationRate
Default Calculation: If left as Automatic, the sample volume will be used to determine an appropriate rotation rate.
Pattern Description: Greater than or equal to 0 revolutions per minute and less than or equal to 300 revolutions per minute or Null.
EvaporationFlask
The container that will hold the pooled samples and rotate while partially submerged in the instrument's heatbath during evaporation.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Container, Vessel] or Object[Container, Vessel] or a prepared sample or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((ObjectP[{Model[Container, Vessel], Object[Container, Vessel]}] | _String) | Automatic) | Null
CondenserTemperature
Pattern Description: Ambient or greater than or equal to -30 degrees Celsius and less than or equal to 25 degrees Celsius or Null.
RinseSolution
The solution that will be used to resuspend or dissolve any solid material that has accumulated in the EvaporationFlask during evaporation.
Default Calculation: If RinseVolume is provided, RinseSolution defaults to Acetone. Otherwise defaults to Null.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Sample] or Object[Sample] or a prepared sample or Null.
RinseVolume
The amount of RinseSolution that will be used to resuspend or dissolve any solid material that has accumulated in the EvaporationFlask during evaporation.
Default Calculation: If RinseSolution is provided, defaults to 1/4th the evaporation container's volume. Otherwise defaults to Null.
Pattern Description: Greater than or equal to 0 milliliters and less than or equal to 1 liter or Null.
RecoupBumpTrap
Indicates if the bump trap should be rinsed with BumpTrapRinseSolution to resuspend any dried material that was caught by the trap. Any sample saved will be stored in the container model specified in BumpTrapSampleContainer and will be tied to the BumpTrapSample field in the protocol.
BumpTrapRinseSolution
If RecoupBumpTrap is True, indicates which chemical or stocksolution to rinse the bump trap with to resuspend any dried material that was caught by the trap.
Default Calculation: If RecoupBumpTrap is True, if EvaporationTemperature is 25C or ambient, will resolve to DMF. If RecoupBumpTrap is True and EvaporationTemperature is greater than 25C, then Methanol. Otherwise defaults to Null.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Sample] or Object[Sample] or a prepared sample or Null.
BumpTrapRinseVolume
If RecoupBumpTrap is True, indicates how much BumpTrapRinseSolution should be used to rinse the bump trap with to resuspend any dried material that was caught by the trap.
Pattern Description: Greater than or equal to 0 milliliters and less than or equal to 500 milliliters or Null.
BumpTrapSampleContainer
If RecoupBumpTrap is True, indicates which which container to use or stocksolution to rinse the bump trap with to resuspend any dried material that was caught by the trap. The collected sample will be linked to the BumpTrapSample field in the protocol.
Default Calculation: If RecoupBumpTrap is True and EvaporateUntilDry is False, defaults to a scintillation vial if BumpTrapRinseVolume is low enough. If RecoupBumpTrap is True and EvaporateUntilDry is True, defaults to EvaporationContainer to indicate material will be resuspended and then put back into the evaporation flask for additional evaporation.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Container] or Object[Container] or a prepared sample or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | Automatic) | Null
SaveSolventWaste
Indicates whether any condensed solvent that has been evaporated from the analyte sample will be stored at the end of the run. The collected sample will be linked to in SolventWasteSample field of the protocol.
WasteContainer
Indicates the container in which any saved, solvent waste will stored at the end of the run. The collected sample will be linked to in SolventWasteSample field of the protocol.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Container] or Object[Container] or a prepared sample or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | Automatic) | Null
SpeedVac
VacuumEvaporationMethod
Default Calculation: The SolventBoilingPoint option and the composition of the samples provided are used to pick from a list of preset methods objects.
BumpProtection
Indicates whether the input samples should be handled with extra care when brought under vacuum to prevent them from boiling rapidly (bumping). The speedvac will decrease pressure gradually, instead of in a rapid and non-linear fashion, to prevent bumping.
BalancingSolution
NitrogenBlowDown
FlowRateProfile
The volume of gas over time and time that nitrogen is blown over samples to increase evaporation. Up to three stages with different flow rates and times are possible.
Default Calculation: If the needle dryer is selected, defaults to 1 stage. If the tube dryer is selected, defaults to 2 stages. Total Time for 3 stages will be under 72 Hour
Programmatic Pattern: (({RangeP[0.25*(Liter/Minute), 25*(Liter/Minute)], RangeP[Minute, 48*Hour]} | {{RangeP[0.25*(Liter/Minute), 25*(Liter/Minute)], RangeP[Minute, 48*Hour]}..}) | Automatic) | Null
Post Experiment
SamplesInStorageCondition
The non-default conditions under which the SamplesIn of this experiment should be stored after the protocol is completed. If left unset, SamplesIn will be stored according to their current StorageCondition.
Pattern Description: {AmbientStorage, Refrigerator, Freezer, DeepFreezer, CryogenicStorage, YeastIncubation, BacteriaIncubation, MammalianIncubation, TissueCultureCellsIncubation, MicrobialCellsIncubation, MicrobialCellsShakingIncubation, YeastCellsIncubation, YeastCellsShakingIncubation, ViralIncubation, AcceleratedTesting, IntermediateTesting, LongTermTesting, UVVisLightTesting} or Disposal or Null.
SamplesOutStorageCondition
The non-default conditions under which any new samples generated by this experiment should be stored after the protocol is completed. If left unset, the new samples will be stored according to their Models' DefaultStorageCondition.
Pattern Description: {AmbientStorage, Refrigerator, Freezer, DeepFreezer, CryogenicStorage, YeastIncubation, BacteriaIncubation, MammalianIncubation, TissueCultureCellsIncubation, MicrobialCellsIncubation, MicrobialCellsShakingIncubation, YeastCellsIncubation, YeastCellsShakingIncubation, ViralIncubation, AcceleratedTesting, IntermediateTesting, LongTermTesting, UVVisLightTesting} or Disposal or Null.
Sample Prep Options
Sample Preparation
PreparatoryUnitOperations
Specifies a sequence of transferring, aliquoting, consolidating, or mixing of new or existing samples before the main experiment. These prepared samples can be used in the main experiment by referencing their defined name. For more information, please reference the documentation for ExperimentSampleManipulation.
Pattern Description: List of one or more unit Operation ManualSamplePreparation or RoboticSamplePreparation or unit Operation must match SamplePreparationP entries or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: {((ManualSamplePreparationMethodP | RoboticSamplePreparationMethodP) | SamplePreparationP)..} | Null
PreparatoryPrimitives
Specifies a sequence of transferring, aliquoting, consolidating, or mixing of new or existing samples before the main experiment. These prepared samples can be used in the main experiment by referencing their defined name. For more information, please reference the documentation for ExperimentSampleManipulation.
Pattern Description: List of one or more a primitive with head Define, Transfer, Mix, Aliquot, Consolidation, FillToVolume, Incubate, Filter, Wait, Centrifuge, or Resuspend entries or Null.
Preparatory Incubation
Incubate
Indicates if the SamplesIn should be incubated at a fixed temperature prior to starting the experiment or any aliquoting. Sample Preparation occurs in the order of Incubation, Centrifugation, Filtration, and then Aliquoting (if specified).
Default Calculation: Resolves to True if any of the corresponding Incubation options are set. Otherwise, resolves to False.
IncubationTemperature
Temperature at which the SamplesIn should be incubated for the duration of the IncubationTime prior to starting the experiment.
Pattern Description: Ambient or greater than or equal to -20 degrees Celsius and less than or equal to 500 degrees Celsius or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((Ambient | RangeP[$MinIncubationTemperature, $MaxIncubationTemperature]) | Automatic) | Null
IncubationTime
Duration for which SamplesIn should be incubated at the IncubationTemperature, prior to starting the experiment.
Mix
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to True if any Mix related options are set. Otherwise, resolves to False.
MixType
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves based on the container of the sample and the Mix option.
Pattern Description: Roll, Vortex, Sonicate, Pipette, Invert, Stir, Shake, Homogenize, Swirl, Disrupt, or Nutate or Null.
MixUntilDissolved
Indicates if the mix should be continued up to the MaxIncubationTime or MaxNumberOfMixes (chosen according to the mix Type), in an attempt dissolve any solute. Any mixing/incubation will occur prior to starting the experiment.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to True if MaxIncubationTime or MaxNumberOfMixes is set.
MaxIncubationTime
Maximum duration of time for which the samples will be mixed while incubated in an attempt to dissolve any solute, if the MixUntilDissolved option is chosen. This occurs prior to starting the experiment.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves based on MixType, MixUntilDissolved, and the container of the given sample.
IncubationInstrument
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves based on the options Mix, Temperature, MixType and container of the sample.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Instrument, Roller], Model[Instrument, OverheadStirrer], Model[Instrument, Vortex], Model[Instrument, Shaker], Model[Instrument, BottleRoller], Model[Instrument, Roller], Model[Instrument, Sonicator], Model[Instrument, HeatBlock], Model[Instrument, Homogenizer], Model[Instrument, Disruptor], Model[Instrument, Nutator], Model[Instrument, Thermocycler], Model[Instrument, EnvironmentalChamber], Model[Instrument, Pipette], Object[Instrument, Roller], Object[Instrument, OverheadStirrer], Object[Instrument, Vortex], Object[Instrument, Shaker], Object[Instrument, BottleRoller], Object[Instrument, Roller], Object[Instrument, Sonicator], Object[Instrument, HeatBlock], Object[Instrument, Homogenizer], Object[Instrument, Disruptor], Object[Instrument, Nutator], Object[Instrument, Thermocycler], Object[Instrument, EnvironmentalChamber], or Object[Instrument, Pipette] or Null.
AnnealingTime
Minimum duration for which the SamplesIn should remain in the incubator allowing the system to settle to room temperature after the IncubationTime has passed but prior to starting the experiment.
IncubateAliquotContainer
The desired type of container that should be used to prepare and house the incubation samples which should be used in lieu of the SamplesIn for the experiment.
Programmatic Pattern: ((ObjectP[Model[Container]] | {GreaterEqualP[1, 1] | (Automatic | Null), (ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | Automatic}) | Automatic) | Null
IncubateAliquotDestinationWell
The desired position in the corresponding AliquotContainer in which the aliquot samples will be placed.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to A1 in containers with only one position. For plates, fills wells in the order provided by the function AllWells.
IncubateAliquot
The amount of each sample that should be transferred from the SamplesIn into the IncubateAliquotContainer when performing an aliquot before incubation.
Default Calculation: Automatically set as the smaller between the current sample volume and the maximum volume of the destination container.
Pattern Description: All or greater than or equal to 1 microliter and less than or equal to 20 liters or Null.
Preparatory Centrifugation
Centrifuge
Indicates if the SamplesIn should be centrifuged prior to starting the experiment or any aliquoting. Sample Preparation occurs in the order of Incubation, Centrifugation, Filtration, and then Aliquoting (if specified).
Default Calculation: Resolves to True if any of the corresponding Centrifuge options are set. Otherwise, resolves to False.
CentrifugeInstrument
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Instrument, Centrifuge] or Object[Instrument, Centrifuge] or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: (ObjectP[{Model[Instrument, Centrifuge], Object[Instrument, Centrifuge]}] | Automatic) | Null
CentrifugeIntensity
The rotational speed or the force that will be applied to the samples by centrifugation prior to starting the experiment.
Pattern Description: Greater than 0 revolutions per minute or greater than 0 standard accelerations due to gravity on the surface of the earth or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((GreaterP[0*RPM] | GreaterP[0*GravitationalAcceleration]) | Automatic) | Null
CentrifugeTime
CentrifugeTemperature
The temperature at which the centrifuge chamber should be held while the samples are being centrifuged prior to starting the experiment.
Pattern Description: Ambient or greater than or equal to -10 degrees Celsius and less than or equal to 40 degrees Celsius or Null.
CentrifugeAliquotDestinationWell
The desired position in the corresponding AliquotContainer in which the aliquot samples will be placed.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to A1 in containers with only one position. For plates, fills wells in the order provided by the function AllWells.
CentrifugeAliquotContainer
The desired type of container that should be used to prepare and house the centrifuge samples which should be used in lieu of the SamplesIn for the experiment.
Programmatic Pattern: ((ObjectP[Model[Container]] | {GreaterEqualP[1, 1] | (Automatic | Null), (ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | Automatic}) | Automatic) | Null
CentrifugeAliquot
The amount of each sample that should be transferred from the SamplesIn into the CentrifugeAliquotContainer when performing an aliquot before centrifugation.
Default Calculation: Automatically set as the smaller between the current sample volume and the maximum volume of the destination container.
Pattern Description: All or greater than or equal to 1 microliter and less than or equal to 20 liters or Null.
Preparatory Filtering
Filtration
Indicates if the SamplesIn should be filter prior to starting the experiment or any aliquoting. Sample Preparation occurs in the order of Incubation, Centrifugation, Filtration, and then Aliquoting (if specified).
Default Calculation: Resolves to True if any of the corresponding Filter options are set. Otherwise, resolves to False.
FiltrationType
Default Calculation: Will automatically resolve to a filtration type appropriate for the volume of sample being filtered.
FilterInstrument
Default Calculation: Will automatically resolved to an instrument appropriate for the filtration type.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Instrument, FilterBlock], Object[Instrument, FilterBlock], Model[Instrument, PeristalticPump], Object[Instrument, PeristalticPump], Model[Instrument, VacuumPump], Object[Instrument, VacuumPump], Model[Instrument, Centrifuge], Object[Instrument, Centrifuge], Model[Instrument, SyringePump], or Object[Instrument, SyringePump] or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: (ObjectP[{Model[Instrument, FilterBlock], Object[Instrument, FilterBlock], Model[Instrument, PeristalticPump], Object[Instrument, PeristalticPump], Model[Instrument, VacuumPump], Object[Instrument, VacuumPump], Model[Instrument, Centrifuge], Object[Instrument, Centrifuge], Model[Instrument, SyringePump], Object[Instrument, SyringePump]}] | Automatic) | Null
Filter
The filter that should be used to remove impurities from the SamplesIn prior to starting the experiment.
Default Calculation: Will automatically resolve to a filter appropriate for the filtration type and instrument.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Container, Plate, Filter], Model[Container, Vessel, Filter], or Model[Item, Filter] or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: (ObjectP[{Model[Container, Plate, Filter], Model[Container, Vessel, Filter], Model[Item, Filter]}] | Automatic) | Null
FilterMaterial
The membrane material of the filter that should be used to remove impurities from the SamplesIn prior to starting the experiment.
Default Calculation: Resolves to an appropriate filter material for the given sample is Filtration is set to True.
Pattern Description: Cellulose, Cotton, Polyethylene, PTFE, Nylon, PES, PLUS, PVDF, GlassFiber, GHP, UHMWPE, EPDM, DuraporePVDF, GxF, ZebaDesaltingResin, NickelResin, Silica, or HLB or Null.
PrefilterMaterial
The material from which the prefilter filtration membrane should be made of to remove impurities from the SamplesIn prior to starting the experiment.
Pattern Description: Cellulose, Cotton, Polyethylene, PTFE, Nylon, PES, PLUS, PVDF, GlassFiber, GHP, UHMWPE, EPDM, DuraporePVDF, GxF, ZebaDesaltingResin, NickelResin, Silica, or HLB or Null.
FilterPoreSize
The pore size of the filter that should be used when removing impurities from the SamplesIn prior to starting the experiment.
Default Calculation: Resolves to an appropriate filter pore size for the given sample is Filtration is set to True.
Pattern Description: 0.008 micrometers, 0.1 micrometers, 0.22 micrometers, 0.45 micrometers, 1. micrometer, 1.1 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 6. micrometers, 20. micrometers, 30. micrometers, or 100. micrometers or Null.
PrefilterPoreSize
The pore size of the filter; all particles larger than this should be removed during the filtration.
Pattern Description: 0.008 micrometers, 0.1 micrometers, 0.22 micrometers, 0.45 micrometers, 1. micrometer, 1.1 micrometers, 2.5 micrometers, 6. micrometers, 20. micrometers, 30. micrometers, or 100. micrometers or Null.
FilterSyringe
Default Calculation: Resolves to an syringe appropriate to the volume of sample being filtered, if Filtration is set to True.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Container, Syringe] or Object[Container, Syringe] or a prepared sample or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((ObjectP[{Model[Container, Syringe], Object[Container, Syringe]}] | _String) | Automatic) | Null
FilterHousing
The filter housing that should be used to hold the filter membrane when filtration is performed using a standalone filter membrane.
Default Calculation: Resolve to an housing capable of holding the size of the membrane being used, if filter with Membrane FilterType is being used and Filtration is set to True.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Instrument, FilterHousing], Object[Instrument, FilterHousing], Model[Instrument, FilterBlock], or Object[Instrument, FilterBlock] or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: (ObjectP[{Model[Instrument, FilterHousing], Object[Instrument, FilterHousing], Model[Instrument, FilterBlock], Object[Instrument, FilterBlock]}] | Automatic) | Null
FilterIntensity
Default Calculation: Will automatically resolve to 2000 GravitationalAcceleration if FiltrationType is Centrifuge and Filtration is True.
Pattern Description: Greater than 0 revolutions per minute or greater than 0 standard accelerations due to gravity on the surface of the earth or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((GreaterP[0*RPM] | GreaterP[0*GravitationalAcceleration]) | Automatic) | Null
FilterTime
Default Calculation: Will automatically resolve to 5 Minute if FiltrationType is Centrifuge and Filtration is True.
FilterTemperature
The temperature at which the centrifuge chamber will be held while the samples are being centrifuged during filtration.
Default Calculation: Will automatically resolve to 22 Celsius if FiltrationType is Centrifuge and Filtration is True.
FilterContainerOut
The desired container filtered samples should be produced in or transferred into by the end of filtration, with indices indicating grouping of samples in the same plates, if desired.
Default Calculation: Automatically set as the PreferredContainer for the Volume of the sample. For plates, attempts to fill all wells of a single plate with the same model before using another one.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Container] or Object[Container] or a prepared sample or {Index, Container} or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: (((ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | {GreaterEqualP[1, 1] | Automatic, (ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | Automatic}) | Automatic) | Null
FilterAliquotDestinationWell
The desired position in the corresponding AliquotContainer in which the aliquot samples will be placed.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to A1 in containers with only one position. For plates, fills wells in the order provided by the function AllWells.
FilterAliquotContainer
The desired type of container that should be used to prepare and house the filter samples which should be used in lieu of the SamplesIn for the experiment.
Programmatic Pattern: ((ObjectP[Model[Container]] | {GreaterEqualP[1, 1] | (Automatic | Null), (ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | Automatic}) | Automatic) | Null
FilterAliquot
The amount of each sample that should be transferred from the SamplesIn into the FilterAliquotContainer when performing an aliquot before filtration.
Default Calculation: Automatically set as the smaller between the current sample volume and the maximum volume of the destination container.
Pattern Description: All or greater than or equal to 1 microliter and less than or equal to 20 liters or Null.
FilterSterile
Default Calculation: Resolve to False if Filtration is indicated. If sterile filtration is desired, this option must manually be set to True.
Aliquoting
Aliquot
Indicates if aliquots should be taken from the SamplesIn and transferred into new AliquotSamples used in lieu of the SamplesIn for the experiment. Note that if NumberOfReplicates is specified this indicates that the input samples will also be aliquoted that number of times. Note that Aliquoting (if specified) occurs after any Sample Preparation (if specified).
AliquotAmount
Default Calculation: Automatically set as the smaller between the current sample volume and the maximum volume of the destination container if a liquid, or the current Mass or Count if a solid or counted item, respectively.
Programmatic Pattern: ((RangeP[1*Microliter, 20*Liter] | RangeP[1*Milligram, 20*Kilogram] | GreaterP[0*Unit, 1*Unit] | GreaterP[0., 1.] | All) | Automatic) | Null
TargetConcentration
The desired final concentration of analyte in the AliquotSamples after dilution of aliquots of SamplesIn with the ConcentratedBuffer and BufferDiluent which should be used in lieu of the SamplesIn for the experiment.
TargetConcentrationAnalyte
Default Calculation: Automatically set to the first value in the Analytes field of the input sample, or, if not populated, to the first analyte in the Composition field of the input sample, or if none exist, the first identity model of any kind in the Composition field.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Molecule], Model[Molecule, cDNA], Model[Molecule, Oligomer], Model[Molecule, Transcript], Model[Molecule, Protein], Model[Molecule, Protein, Antibody], Model[Molecule, Carbohydrate], Model[Molecule, Polymer], Model[Resin], Model[Resin, SolidPhaseSupport], Model[Lysate], Model[ProprietaryFormulation], Model[Virus], Model[Cell], Model[Cell, Mammalian], Model[Cell, Bacteria], Model[Cell, Yeast], Model[Tissue], Model[Material], or Model[Species] or Null.
AssayVolume
Default Calculation: Automatically determined based on Volume and TargetConcentration option values.
Pattern Description: Greater than or equal to 1 microliter and less than or equal to 20 liters or Null.
ConcentratedBuffer
The concentrated buffer which should be diluted by the BufferDilutionFactor in the final solution (i.e., the combination of the sample, ConcentratedBuffer, and BufferDiluent). The ConcentratedBuffer and BufferDiluent will be combined and then mixed with the sample, where the combined volume of these buffers is the difference between the AliquotAmount and the total AssayVolume.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Sample] or Object[Sample] or a prepared sample or Null.
BufferDilutionFactor
The dilution factor by which the concentrated buffer should be diluted in the final solution (i.e., the combination of the sample, ConcentratedBuffer, and BufferDiluent). The ConcentratedBuffer and BufferDiluent will be combined and then mixed with the sample, where the combined volume of these buffers is the difference between the AliquotAmount and the total AssayVolume.
Default Calculation: If ConcentratedBuffer is specified, automatically set to the ConcentrationFactor of that sample; otherwise, set to Null.
BufferDiluent
The buffer used to dilute the aliquot sample such that ConcentratedBuffer is diluted by BufferDilutionFactor in the final solution. The ConcentratedBuffer and BufferDiluent will be combined and then mixed with the sample, where the combined volume of these buffers is the difference between the AliquotAmount and the total AssayVolume.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to Model[Sample, "Milli-Q water"] if ConcentratedBuffer is specified; otherwise, resolves to Null.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Sample] or Object[Sample] or a prepared sample or Null.
AssayBuffer
The buffer that should be added to any aliquots requiring dilution, where the volume of this buffer added is the difference between the AliquotAmount and the total AssayVolume.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to Model[Sample, "Milli-Q water"] if ConcentratedBuffer is not specified; otherwise, resolves to Null.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Sample] or Object[Sample] or a prepared sample or Null.
AliquotSampleStorageCondition
The non-default conditions under which any aliquot samples generated by this experiment should be stored after the protocol is completed.
Pattern Description: {AmbientStorage, Refrigerator, Freezer, DeepFreezer, CryogenicStorage, YeastIncubation, BacteriaIncubation, MammalianIncubation, TissueCultureCellsIncubation, MicrobialCellsIncubation, MicrobialCellsShakingIncubation, YeastCellsIncubation, YeastCellsShakingIncubation, ViralIncubation, AcceleratedTesting, IntermediateTesting, LongTermTesting, UVVisLightTesting} or Disposal or Null.
DestinationWell
The desired position in the corresponding AliquotContainer in which the aliquot samples will be placed.
Default Calculation: Automatically resolves to A1 in containers with only one position. For plates, fills wells in the order provided by the function AllWells.
Pattern Description: Any well from A1 to H12 or list of one or more any well from A1 to H12 or any well from A1 to H12 entries or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: ((WellPositionP | {((Automatic | Null) | WellPositionP)..}) | Automatic) | Null
AliquotContainer
The desired type of container that should be used to prepare and house the aliquot samples, with indices indicating grouping of samples in the same plates, if desired. This option will resolve to be the length of the SamplesIn * NumberOfReplicates.
Default Calculation: Automatically set as the PreferredContainer for the AssayVolume of the sample. For plates, attempts to fill all wells of a single plate with the same model before aliquoting into the next.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Model[Container] or Object[Container] or a prepared sample or Automatic or Null or {Index, Container} or list of one or more an object of type or subtype Model[Container] or Object[Container] or a prepared sample or Automatic or Null entries or list of one or more Automatic or Null or {Index, Container} entries or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: (((ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | (Automatic | Null) | {GreaterEqualP[1, 1] | (Automatic | Null), (ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | (Automatic | Null)} | {((ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | (Automatic | Null))..} | {({GreaterEqualP[1, 1] | (Automatic | Null), (ObjectP[{Model[Container], Object[Container]}] | _String) | (Automatic | Null)} | (Automatic | Null))..}) | Automatic) | Null
AliquotPreparation
Default Calculation: Automatic resolution will occur based on manipulation volumes and container types.
ConsolidateAliquots
Protocol Options
Organizational Information
Template
A template protocol whose methodology should be reproduced in running this experiment. Option values will be inherited from the template protocol, but can be individually overridden by directly specifying values for those options to this Experiment function.
Pattern Description: An object of type or subtype Object[Protocol] or an object of type or subtype of Object[Protocol] with UnresolvedOptions, ResolvedOptions specified or Null.
Programmatic Pattern: (ObjectP[Object[Protocol]] | FieldReferenceP[Object[Protocol], {UnresolvedOptions, ResolvedOptions}]) | Null
Name
A object name which should be used to refer to the output object in lieu of an automatically generated ID number.
Post Experiment
MeasureWeight
Indicates if any solid samples that are modified in the course of the experiment should have their weights measured and updated after running the experiment. Please note that public samples are weighed regardless of the value of this option.
MeasureVolume
Indicates if any liquid samples that are modified in the course of the experiment should have their volumes measured and updated after running the experiment. Please note that public samples are volume measured regardless of the value of this option.
ImageSample
Example Calls
Evaporate a sample
Evaporate using different evaporation instruments
Specify EvaporateUntilDry and MaxEvaporationTime
If requested, a protocol will loop through the evaporation protocol until a sample is dry, or until the MaxEvaporationTime has been reached:
Specify EvaporationTemperature
Specify SolventBoilingPoints
Specify the boiling point of the solvent samples are in to help determine the temperature to evaporate samples at:
Collect the sample from the bump trap in a Rotary Evaporator experiment
Specify RecoupBumpTrap to collect any sample that collected in the bump trap over the course of the evaporation:
Resuspend the evaporated sample in a Rotary Evaporator experiment
Preferred Input Containers
The Savant SPD2030 and Genevac EZ-2.3 Elite Vacuum Centrifuges can accept up to 24x 2mL tubes, 6x 15mL tubes, 6x 50 mL tubes, and 2x of most plates. Use the SamplePreparation option to prepare the samples if your samples are not in compatible vessels.
For Evaporate experiments using the rotary evaporator, the experiment will automatically transfer aliquots of your samples into a pear-shaped flask if they are not already in compatible pear-shaped flasks. The instrument can evaporate one flask at a time.
The RV10 Auto Prov V NitrogenBlowDown instrument can accept samples that are in 96-well plates. The instrument can accept one plate at a time. Use the SamplePreparation option to prepare the injection samples if your samples are not in compatible vessels.
The VWR 099A EV9612S evaporator instrument can accept samples that are in standard SBS plates. The instrument can accept one plate at a time. Use the SamplePreparation option to prepare the injection samples if your samples are not in compatible vessels.
The TurboVap LV Nitrogen Evaporator can accept up to 48x 2mL tubes, 48x 15mL tubes, and 24x 50 mL tubes. Use the SamplePreparation option to prepare the samples if your samples are not in compatible vessels.
Warnings and Errors
Messages (6)
EvaporateInstrumentBathFluidIncompatible (1)
EvaporateTemperatureGreaterThanSampleBoilingPoint (1)
EvaporationFlowRateProfileTimeConflict (1)
HighFlowRate (1)
Possible Issues
Sample Bumping
Given the ability of the Vacuum Centrifuge and Rotary Evaporator to reach very low vacuum pressures, if the instrument ramps too quickly, solvents may spontaneously boil. This rapid boiling is known as sample 'bumping' and can cause violent ejection of sample material from the container it is contained within. To ensure samples do not bump during a run, make sure to specify a sufficient pressure ramp time.
Sample splashing due to high nitrogen flow rates when using the needle dryer
Last modified on Tue 10 Jan 2023 13:55:17